最近的工作表明,自我监督的预训练导致对挑战性视觉识别任务的监督学习改进。剪辑是一种令人兴奋的学习语言监督的新方法,展示了各种基准的有希望的表现。在这项工作中,我们探索自我监督的学习是否可以帮助使用语言监督来进行视觉表现学习。我们介绍了一个用于组合自我监督学习和剪辑预训练的多任务学习框架。在使用视觉变形金刚进行预培训之后,我们在三个不同的设置下彻底评估了代表性质量,并将性能与自我监督学习进行了比较:零拍摄传输,线性分类和端到端的FineTuning。在ImageNet和电池的额外数据集中,我们发现SLIP通过大幅度提高了精度。我们将通过关于不同模型大小,培训计划和预训练预训练数据集的实验进行验证。我们的研究结果表明,滑块享有世界上最好的:性能比自我监督更好(+ 8.1%的线性精度)和语言监督(+ 5.2%的零射精精度)。
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我们发现Mask2Former还可以在视频实例分段上实现最先进的性能,而无需修改架构,丢失甚至培训管道。在本报告中,我们通过直接预测3D分段卷来显示通用图像分割体系结构通过直接预测3D分段卷来概括到视频分段。具体而言,Mask2Former在Youtubevis-2021上为Youtubevis-2019和52.6 AP设置了新的60.4 AP最先进的。鉴于其在图像分割中的多功能性,我们认为蒙版2格相符也能够处理视频语义和Panoptic分割。我们希望这将使最先进的视频分段研究更可访问,并更加关注设计通用图像和视频分段架构。
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图像分割是关于使用不同语义的分组像素,例如类别或实例成员身份,其中每个语义选择定义任务。虽然只有每个任务的语义不同,但目前的研究侧重于为每项任务设计专业架构。我们提出了蒙面关注掩模变压器(Mask2Former),这是一种能够寻址任何图像分段任务(Panoptic,实例或语义)的新架构。其关键部件包括屏蔽注意,通过限制预测掩模区域内的横向提取局部特征。除了将研究工作减少三次之外,它还优于四个流行的数据集中的最佳专业架构。最值得注意的是,Mask2Former为Panoptic semonation(Coco 57.8 PQ)设置了新的最先进的,实例分段(Coco上50.1 AP)和语义分割(ADE20K上的57.7 miou)。
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人类可以从少量的2D视图中从3D中感知场景。对于AI代理商,只有几个图像的任何视点识别场景的能力使它们能够有效地与场景及其对象交互。在这项工作中,我们试图通过这种能力赋予机器。我们提出了一种模型,它通过将新场景的几个RGB图像进行输入,并通过将其分割为语义类别来识别新的视点中的场景。所有这一切都没有访问这些视图的RGB图像。我们将2D场景识别与隐式3D表示,并从数百个场景的多视图2D注释中学习,而无需超出相机姿势的3D监督。我们试验具有挑战性的数据集,并展示我们模型的能力,共同捕捉新颖场景的语义和几何形状,具有不同的布局,物体类型和形状。
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现代方法通常将语义分割标记为每个像素分类任务,而使用替代掩码分类处理实例级分割。我们的主要洞察力:掩码分类是足够的一般,可以使用完全相同的模型,丢失和培训过程来解决语义和实例级分段任务。在此观察之后,我们提出了一个简单的掩模分类模型,该模型预测了一组二进制掩码,每个模型与单个全局类标签预测相关联。总的来说,所提出的基于掩模分类的方法简化了语义和Panoptic分割任务的有效方法的景观,并显示出优异的经验结果。特别是,当类的数量大时,我们观察到掩码形成器优于每个像素分类基线。我们的面具基于分类的方法优于当前最先进的语义(ADE20K上的55.6 miou)和Panoptic Seation(Coco)模型的Panoptic Seationation(52.7 PQ)。
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我们提出了一个令人尴尬的简单点注释方案,以收集弱监督,例如分割。除了边界框外,我们还收集了在每个边界框内均匀采样的一组点的二进制标签。我们表明,为完整的掩模监督开发的现有实例细分模型可以通过我们的方案收集基于点的监督而无缝培训。值得注意的是,接受了可可,Pascal VOC,CityScapes和LVI的面具R-CNN,每个物体只有10个带注释的随机点可实现94% - 占其完全监督的性能的98%,为弱化的实例细分定下了强大的基线。新点注释方案的速度比注释完整的对象掩码快5倍,使高质量实例分割在实践中更容易访问。受基于点的注释形式的启发,我们提出了对Pointrend实例分割模块的修改。对于每个对象,称为隐式pointrend的新体系结构生成一个函数的参数,该函数可以使最终的点级掩码预测。隐式Pointrend更加简单,并使用单点级掩蔽丢失。我们的实验表明,新模块更适合基于点的监督。
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不变性于广泛的图像损坏,例如翘曲,噪声或颜色移位,是在计算机视觉中建立强大模型的一个重要方面。最近,已经提出了几种新的数据增强,从而显着提高了Imagenet-C的性能,这是这种腐败的基准。但是,对数据增强和测试时间损坏之间的关系仍然缺乏基本的理解。为此,我们开发了图像变换的一个特征空间,然后在增强和损坏之间使用该空间中的新措施,称为最小示例距离,以演示相似性和性能之间的强相关性。然后,当测试时间损坏被对来自Imagenet-C中的测试时间损坏被采样时,我们调查最近的数据增强并观察腐败鲁棒性的重大退化。我们的结果表明,通过对感知同类增强的培训来提高测试错误,数据增强可能不会超出现有的基准。我们希望我们的结果和工具将允许更强大的进展,以提高对图像损坏的稳健性。我们在https://github.com/facebookresearch/augmentation - 窗子提供代码。
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We present a new method for efficient high-quality image segmentation of objects and scenes. By analogizing classical computer graphics methods for efficient rendering with over-and undersampling challenges faced in pixel labeling tasks, we develop a unique perspective of image segmentation as a rendering problem. From this vantage, we present the PointRend (Point-based Rendering) neural network module: a module that performs point-based segmentation predictions at adaptively selected locations based on an iterative subdivision algorithm. PointRend can be flexibly applied to both instance and semantic segmentation tasks by building on top of existing state-ofthe-art models. While many concrete implementations of the general idea are possible, we show that a simple design already achieves excellent results. Qualitatively, PointRend outputs crisp object boundaries in regions that are oversmoothed by previous methods. Quantitatively, PointRend yields significant gains on COCO and Cityscapes, for both instance and semantic segmentation. PointRend's efficiency enables output resolutions that are otherwise impractical in terms of memory or computation compared to existing approaches. Code has been made available at https:// github.com/facebookresearch/detectron2/ tree/master/projects/PointRend.
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The recently introduced panoptic segmentation task has renewed our community's interest in unifying the tasks of instance segmentation (for thing classes) and semantic segmentation (for stuff classes). However, current state-ofthe-art methods for this joint task use separate and dissimilar networks for instance and semantic segmentation, without performing any shared computation. In this work, we aim to unify these methods at the architectural level, designing a single network for both tasks. Our approach is to endow Mask R-CNN, a popular instance segmentation method, with a semantic segmentation branch using a shared Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) backbone. Surprisingly, this simple baseline not only remains effective for instance segmentation, but also yields a lightweight, topperforming method for semantic segmentation. In this work, we perform a detailed study of this minimally extended version of Mask R-CNN with FPN, which we refer to as Panoptic FPN, and show it is a robust and accurate baseline for both tasks. Given its effectiveness and conceptual simplicity, we hope our method can serve as a strong baseline and aid future research in panoptic segmentation.
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We propose and study a task we name panoptic segmentation (PS). Panoptic segmentation unifies the typically distinct tasks of semantic segmentation (assign a class label to each pixel) and instance segmentation (detect and segment each object instance). The proposed task requires generating a coherent scene segmentation that is rich and complete, an important step toward real-world vision systems. While early work in computer vision addressed related image/scene parsing tasks, these are not currently popular, possibly due to lack of appropriate metrics or associated recognition challenges. To address this, we propose a novel panoptic quality (PQ) metric that captures performance for all classes (stuff and things) in an interpretable and unified manner. Using the proposed metric, we perform a rigorous study of both human and machine performance for PS on three existing datasets, revealing interesting insights about the task. The aim of our work is to revive the interest of the community in a more unified view of image segmentation.
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